Tech Library
List of Tech Library
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UAS：ConOps Approach
About ConOps (Excerpt from NASA – ConOps Planning and Autonomy) ConOps refers to a very high-level, stakeholder-oriented graphical statement of the operational plan for a assumed system. It is particularly focused on how the system will be used to achieve end-user goals. ・Indicates the system’s operational limits, etc., and clarifies the requirements and functions for users. ・Detailed description of the mission overview and operational scenarios Figure shows an example of ConOps at NASA ConOps for UAS The ConOps required for…
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Guidance Material of European and U.S. Authorities (EASA/FAA)
Guidance Material of European and U.S. Authorities (EASA/FAA) Each authority has established requirements for certification and certification of various types of aircraft. Therefore, each authority publishes Guidance Material for each requirement to clarify what is intended in each requirement and to introduce examples of acceptable certification methods (certification activities). The following is a website that summarizes the Guidance Material published by EASA/FAA. If similar requirements exist in Japan, understanding these Guidance Materials will be very helpful in considering the actual…
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Airworthiness Standards and corresponding standards of European and U.S. authorities.
Airworthiness Standards Article 10, paragraph 4 of Civil Aeronautics Act establishes the following technical standards for aircraft. 1. Standards for strength: structure and performance to ensure the safety of aircraft and equipment: Annex 1 of Regulation for Enforcement of the Civil Aeronautics Act. 2. Standards for aircraft noise: Annex 2 of Regulation for Enforcement of the Civil Aeronautics Act. 3. Standards for aircraft engine emissions (excluding carbon dioxide): Annex 3 of Regulation for Enforcement of the Civil Aeronautics Act. 4. Standards…
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Rulemaking Information at European and U.S. Authorities (EASA/FAA)
EASA/FAA Rulemaking Each EASA/FAA authority compiles information on rulemaking and makes it available to the public on their respective websites. 【EASA Rulemaking】 https://www.easa.europa.eu/document-library/rulemaking-process-overview 【FAA Rulemaking】 https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/rulemaking Whenever a new rule is enacted or an existing rule is revised, public comment is held in advance, and the final version of the rule is issued after considering the comments received and reflecting them as necessary. Therefore, it is very important to keep track of public comments from the various authorities in order…
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Future Vision of EASA Regulation
EASA Regulations The following categories are being considered as new requirements. •CS-Light UAS： After gaining experience in certification under the current Special Condition, it will be developed into a CS for light class unmanned aircraft. •CS-UAS： For unmanned aerial vehicles that have the same weight and performance as current aircraft (fixed-wing and rotary-wing) and can carry people, with UAS-specific elements to be added. •CS-VTOL： Aircraft that operates within and between cities like a flying car. Please find the figure in…
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About Design Verification Report
The UAS applicant for a MED risk in the “Specific” category prepares the following documents and submits them to EASA. Once EASA confirms safety compliance, a Design Verification Report (DVR) is issued to the applicant. DVR Process A detailed description of the design, including all configurations to be verified. A risk assessment based on SORA and CONOPS, including all the following. -Characteristics and limitations of the proposed mode of operation -The intended use of the product and the type of…
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SORA(Specific Operations Risk Assessment)
SORA SORA is based on a document developed by JARUS that provides direction on how to safely create, evaluate, and conduct unmanned aircraft system (UAS) operations. The methodology is based on the principles of a holistic/comprehensive risk-based assessment model of system safety that is used to evaluate the risks associated with specific UAS operations. This model considers the nature of all threats associated with a particular hazard, the associated design, and proposed operational mitigations for a particular UAS operation. SORA…